HSE PLAN

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Table of Contents

1. GENERAL

2. THE PURPOSE

3. REFERENCE

4. HSE ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

5. FLOWCHART

6. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

6.1. Key Responsibilities

6.1.1. Project Manager

6.1.2. Construction Manager

6.1.3. Safety Manager

6.1.4. Safety Supervisor

6.1.5. Nurse

6.1.6. Employee (Worker)

7. HEALTH AND SAFETY CONTROL

7.1. Training Program

7.1.1. Orientation/Induction course

7.1.2. Toolbox talk

7.1.3. Training

7.1.4. Safety Meeting

7.1.5. HSE planned, Random Inspections, Patrols, and Audit

7.1.6. Work Permit System

7.1.7. Health

7.1.8. Drinking Water, Welfare, and Sanitation

7.1.9. Vehicle and Road safety

8. HOUSEKEEPING

9. SECURITY INTRODUCTION

10. ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT

10.1. PROCEDURE

10.2. INVESTIGATION & ANALYSIS

Accidents should be investigated and analyzed from 3 exceptional factors of view.

The direct cause of injury

Surface causes of an accident

Root causes of the accident

10.3. ANALYSING METHOD

ACTION TO BE IN CASE OF AN ACCIDENT

ACTIONS ARE TAKEN IN CASE OF INCIDENTS LIKE FIRE:

11. SAFE WORKING PRACTICES

11.1. Personal Protective Equipment

11.1.1. WORK ACTIVITIES

11.1.2. RECOMMENDED/SUITABLE PPE

12. WORKING AT A HEIGHT

13. FIRE PROTECTION AND PREVENTION

13.1. Oxygen and Acetylene Cylinders Storage Area

13.2. Material, Storage & Handling

13.3. Welding and Gas Cutting

13.4. Electrical Plant & Equipment

13.5. Fire Fighting Training & Control

13.6. Fire Extinguishers

13.7. Electrical Safety

13.8. Plant, Tools, and Equipment

13.9. Using tools in poor condition

13.10. Using tools in the wrong ways

13.11. Jacks

13.12. Portable electric tools

13.13. Drilling machine

13.14. Portable grinder

13.15. Bench grinder

13.16. Pneumatic tools

14. EXCAVATION

15. FALL PROTECTION:

16. LIFTING OPERATIONS

17. HEAVY EQUIPMENT AND OPERATORS

18. CONTROL OF SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH

18.1. Chemical Hazards

18.2. Biological hazards

18.3. Workplace exposure limits

18.4. Control measures

19. EMERGENCY EVACUATION PROCEDURES

19.1. Emergency Planning:

19.2. Fire Emergency Responses

19.3. Fire Emergency Control:

19.4. Fire Emergency Procedure:

19.5. Alarms

19.6. Evacuation Plan

19.7. Fire Precautions

20. ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND WASTE MANAGEMENT

21. SAFE WORK METHOD STATEMENT

KEY SAFETY MESSAGES

HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CONTROL MEASURES

22. WEATHER CONDITIONS ‐ HOT

TRAINING WORKERS

Training Topics:

SAFETY TIPS

1. GENERAL

This Safety procedure intends to establish safe working practices and standards, which shall be employed on the SITE, and to detail the organizational requirements and obligations of [COMPANY NAME] working there.

2. THE PURPOSE

The purpose of this Project Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Plan is to offer maximum protection of personnel and assets and to avoid any unfavorable impact on the environment.

3. REFERENCE

• [Company] Safety Manual
• ISO 45001:2018– Occupational Health & Safety Standards.
• British standards international

4. HSE ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

5. FLOWCHART

6. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Management accepts the responsibility of impressing upon all employees that safety and injury prevention has a high priority at [COMPANY NAME] and that all rules and policies will be followed.

• The provision of leadership and guidance to middle management for the acceptance, maintenance, and enforcement of the Loss Prevention Program.
• Provides resources for training and tracking the Loss Prevention Program.
• Periodically evaluate the protection statistics and reporting features.
• Promotes and attends to protection functionalities.
• Maintains open lines of communication between personnel, supervisors, and control relative to the loose change of safety guidelines and records.
• Monitors the follow‐up on pointers made to enhance overall performance and save injuries.

6.1. Key Responsibilities

6.1.1. Project Manager

• PM Shall assist in the evaluation of approved subcontractors.
• Shall ensure that subcontractors agree with the HSE standards and requirements of [COMPANY NAME].
• The PM shall comply with the [COMPANY NAME] Safety Manual, a legal requirement as per Saudi labor law.
• PM Shall ensure that disciplinary actions are implemented on non-compliance to safety, safety interactions, and violations or refusal to comply. 

6.1.2. Construction Manager

• Have entire accountability for construction Site health and safety.
• Be accountable for achieving safety goals.
• Be accountable and responsible to ensure that subcontractors implement, administer, plan, train, and enforce the health and safety plan for the project.
• Set up Site HSE and Security Plan and be answerable for their implementation earlier than starting web page sports.
• Use the best capable employees to work on the Site.
• Issue written instructions starting up the method of healthy and secure paintings following the coverage of high‐threat sports were essential.
• Plan and maintain good and proper housekeeping to high standards.
• Inform the management of [COMPANY NAME] including OWNER’s Representative of any accidents, incidents, and mishaps with the potential of injury and illness consequences immediately.
• Cease all activities in an identified health and safety problem until it is resolved
• Immediately remove from the SITE any people (staff, Sub-Contractor, or third parties) who are not willing to comply with the health and safety requirements
• Provide health and safety training opportunities to all employees.
• Perform corrective actions for any identified unsafe situations.
• Be answerable for putting in place appropriate training consisting of Refresher training, as wanted, to allow managers and workers to assess risks, and to familiarize themselves with the relevant requirements (rules, law, and company requirements).
• Determine the manager/group of workers ratio concerning the competence of the workers.

6.1.3. Safety Manager

• SM Assists the Construction Manager in the management and execution of health and safety plans.
• SM Conducts regular SITE inspections and prepares reports for the Construction Manager for corrective actions.
• SM Check and advise on each work plan or procedure for health and safety before work commencement.
• SM Coordinate with the health and safety section on matters regarding health and safety.
• SM Liaise with the Sub-Contractor Safety Manager on matters regarding the health and safety of all workers under the Sub-Contractor.
• SM Act in the capacity of secretary to the Health and Safety Committee.
• SM Provide advice, and guidance such as may be needed in accident prevention.
• SM Establish and maintain proper health and safety administrative system.
• SM Investigate all incidents and accidents and submit reports complete with remedial actions to the Safety team of head office through the Construction Manager for corrective action.
• SM Ensure that Safety Supervisor conducts their safety activities
• SM If safety violations are determined high risk, then stop the work as necessary.

6.1.4. Safety Supervisor

• Assist Safety Manager and perform the safety activities under the direction of the Safety Manager
• Check each Subcontractor's work plan or work procedures from the point of view of a safety point and report to Safety Manager
• Give proper instruction and guidance notices to the supervisory personnel of each function for health and safety activities
• Patrol the construction site daily to check that all subcontractor’s works are executed following the Safety Construction Procedures. 
• Report promptly or as soon as practicable and without any latency to the project/site HSE manager any violations and non-compliance that may need work to be stopped.

6.1.5. Nurse

• Be on duty at the job site full-time (except when on emergency calls)
• Care for an injured or unwell character and preserve the file.
• Plan and execute the hygiene activity program for all workers at the work site.

6.1.6. Employee (Worker)

• Comply with safety rules and regulations.
• Work correctly and shall no longer do anything that may cause harm to himself.
• Make sure that the work tools, apparatus, appliances, materials, substances equipment are used safely and correctly.
• Make sure that the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used safely and well maintained and is in good serviceable condition.
• Report any unusual occurrences and all defects of the plant and device to your instantaneous manager.
• Attend all Toolbox Meetings, other meetings, and/or training relating the safety.
• To make the workplace safer and secure for the workers and other stakeholders, observe all written and verbal health and safety instructions, posters, and other guidelines issued from time to time by the Health Safety and Environmental Manager and/or HSE Supervisor.
• Make proper and careful observations and compliance with all safety signs/posters guidelines instructions and notices.
• Practice proper housekeeping standards for the workplace.
• Search for in-time medical help for all injuries
• Report to the Medical Centre without any latency. 

7. HEALTH AND SAFETY CONTROL

7.1. Training Program

7.1.1. Orientation/Induction course

Each (group of) employee(s) of [Company Name] will be given an orientation/induction course under the direction of their SM/SE/SO before the start of any work. The employee shall not be deployed on the job unless an introductory briefing from PMC’s SM/SE/SO to locate project facilities, channels of communication relating to accident prevention & reporting, fire prevention & fire fighting, personal responsibilities, etc. is given.

7.1.2. Toolbox talk

Toolbox talk will be conducted periodically in a group of workers of by respective SM/SE/SO’s for specific work as required to reach the required level of competencies. During this training and induction meeting, the possible hazards involved in the work and preventive initiatives will be highlighted. All topics about SITE activities may be covered in the meeting to create a focus for some of the workers concerning secure practices. It will be done as per job/specific SITE requirements.

7.1.3. Training

[COMPANY NAME] shall arrange a training program for their employees to reach the required level of competency in:

• HSE requirements
• Use of PPEs
• Permit System
• Heavy plant & equipment operations
• Fire Fighting & Control
• Emergency Procedures

In addition to the above, training in Electrical Safety, Scaffolding, First Aid, Material handling, and many others will also be given to the employees.

7.1.4. Safety Meeting

Objectives of the safety meeting to be conducted by the SM/SE/SO are:

• To ensure the application of Safety norms, Rules & Regulations. 
• To Zero down the threat factors to keep away from accidents.
• Enforce to wearing of Personal Protective Equipment by all employees.
• To carry out repeated and regular HSE inspections, make a proper discussion of the shortcomings & actions to set it right.
• To carry out proper and in-time investigations for all the near-misses, incidents, and accidents, review & suggested preventive initiatives avoid such hazardous recurrence. 
• To communicate, coordinate, discuss & resolve HSE observations at worksite/project sites.
• Proper records and documentation of HSE Meetings, inductions, and Training Programs will be scheduled accordingly.

7.1.5. HSE planned, Random Inspections, Patrols, and Audit

To monitor the effective implementation of HSE requirements at SITE the following periodic inspections, audits and reviews shall be carried out.

Daily site inspection

Inspections of the SITE shall be carried out regularly, before the commencement of the daily activity, while executing a new activity or during any time of the day by the worksite/project Engineers/ site/project supervisors, health and safety officers, and all other worksite management officials. The excessive potential HSE deficiencies shall be recorded and forwarded to the CM for instant movement.

Weekly Site safety patrol

Weekly SITE safety patrolling shall be carried out by [COMPANY NAME]’s SM/SE. The findings can be recorded and forwarded to all involved for remedial movement.

Site safety audit procedure

A safety audit is a detailed and organized process. It could be time-consuming and require money, but it is more beneficial in the long run. It also helps enhance the overall quality of health and safety performance and safety culture of the organizations.

The audit procedures have five (5) steps:

Prefer for audit: Here you will decide who will do the audit, the scope/goal of the audit, overview relevant requirements, and the result of the previous audit.

Conduct audit: As highlighted within the audit approach above.

Create an audit document with tips: The file must highlight the findings.

The findings should be both effective and poor. The summary of the audit document needs to consist of endorsed movements and areas that want development mentioned.

Set priorities for corrective action: Recommended actions need to be prioritized, and execution time attached to them. Some can also want instant action even as others might not.

Publish the audit result: 

The recommendations and corrections must be accurately communicated. This will help all people recognize the necessary modifications and how the exchange could affect them and their work

A safety audit will be carried out by [COMPANY NAME] ’s SM/SE/SO monthly. The comprehensive report of the audit will be prepared with an action plan and given to all concerned for compliance.

7.1.6. Work Permit System

The required work permit shall be obtained by [COMPANY NAME] from the Contractor for specific work as required in the document of the client. Concerned employees at SITE will be made aware of the basic abilities of the work permit system.

The permit shall be kept at the work SITE during the execution of work. The following are the permits, which shall be obtained as per the standard rules and job requirements.

Hot Work Permit

A hot work permit is required to carry out any work involving the use of a local source of ignition capable of igniting flammable gases, liquids, or any other materials in a restricted hazardous area. Example: Welding, burning, grinding, blasting, soldering, open fire, the opening of electrical equipment in the gaseous area

Height work permit

A work permit is required to work at a height above 1.8 meters.

Electrical Permit

An electrical permit is required for any work on an energized electrical system 

Excavation Permit

Within the strict access controlled and restricted area, excavation authorization and work permits are needed for all excavations regardless of depth. 

7.1.7. Health and Safety

Medical and First Aid

[COMPANY NAME] shall maintain an adequate number of First Aid Kit in a weatherproof metal or plastic box for initial medical care. [COMPANY NAME]SM/SE/SO will check dressings, splints, & cold packs once a month to ensure the expired items are replaced. [COMPANY NAME] should report all accidents and near misses to the Consultant’s SM/SE/SO.

First Aid (FA) is medical attention, this is normally administered right away after harm or infection occurs. It usually consists of a one‐time, short‐time remedy, collectively with cleaning minor cuts, treating minor burns, making use of bandages, and the usage of non‐prescription medicinal drugs. The average goals of the primary beneficial aid are:

• Keep the injured/victim alive.
• Prevent the victim’s condition from worsening.
• Give first aid until help arrives.
• Make sure that the injured personal victim receives the required medical care.

7.1.8. Drinking Water, Welfare, and Sanitation

Water Supply and Toilets

A suitable potable water supply shall be provided for drinking purposes. [COMPANY NAME] will provide enough for their personnel. All such facilities will need to be maintained in clean and hygienic conditions.

7.1.9. Vehicle and Road safety

[COMPANY NAME] SM/SE/SO shall take care that all their cars getting into the task SITE need to have the important files & sign in the important info at the safety gate record on the SITE. 

[COMPANY NAME] SM/SE/SO shall stipulate SITE traffic regulations:

• Displayed velocity limits ought to comply with all rimes.
• The velocity Limits for all automobiles inside Project Area shall be 20 km/hour or a unique
• Specified routes ought to be adhered to – on no account may additionally an automobile depart the tough pinnacle road surface.
• The variety of passengers in a vehicle might not exceed the seating capacity of the vehicle.
• Vehicles have to park side to side in automobile parks and no longer nostril to tail. This will reduce injuries caused by car maneuvering.
• A vehicle won't be loaded beyond its load ability.
• Overhanging masses shall no longer be carried without authorization. Such hundreds may be marked via way of red flags all through daylight hours and by using the use of mild at nighttime.
• The gross weight of a vehicle and the usage of a bridge have to no longer exceed the stipulated most permissible load.
• Park motors simplest at designated locations so that it doesn’t create difficulty for other automobiles.
• The frame of the tripper lorry usually needs to be reduced earlier than driving the automobile off.
• Drivers must own a license even when riding.
• [COMPANY NAME] will make sure that vehicles & trailers will now not be used for the transportation of personnel at SITE.
• Vehicles won't be refueled within limited areas
• Driver to his superior need to report all accidents however minor immediately.
• Seat belts should be continually worn.

8. HOUSEKEEPING

• Good practice housekeeping will always be practiced, and work areas must be kept tidy and clean by [COMPANY NAME] personnel while within the construction site. During and after completion of the work, they are to make sure that their painting's region is stored easily and tidily. Flammable materials shall not be scattered over and shall be collected and disposed of with sufficient frequency
• Wooden planks with protruding nails and sharp objects rising above ground should be removed immediately from the Work area where people are likely to step on them.
• Temporary electric cables will be so hooked up as not to reason a tripping danger to employees, nor be susceptible to Mechanical damage through the system.
• Elevated cables shall be installed at such height as to allow unrestricted movement of construction, Equipment, and Vehicles.
• Emphasis will be located on keeping platforms, scaffolding, stairways, or different expanded locations freed from Construction debris.
• Shuttering materials, platforms, or scaffolding segments should be kept in an orderly manner before use as well as after dismantling so that they do not cause hindrance to the movement of man and materials.
• Equipment or materials stored at SITE shall not obstruct essential facilities and/ or Equipment such as fire Extinguishers, fire hydrants, valve gauges, emergency exits, etc.
• Separate manpower will be provided by [COMPANY NAME] for daily housekeeping at the SITE.

9. SECURITY INTRODUCTION

• Construction sites are easy targets for the opportunist thief; the high value of plants and equipment can lead to quick and easy profit for the successful thief. 
• Depending on the locality, each site will have its issues of concern. 
• Construction sites are issued to several threats, in opposition to which protection ought to be carried out using the site operator. 
• These consist of theft, vandalism and deliberate harm, and terrorism.
• The high value of construction plants and materials and the nature of a construction site, with its constant change and movement, make this crime tempting for the opportunistic, as well as the carefully planned crime.

Control of Visitor:

1. Policy Statement

The Construction Site Access Policy (CSAP) is developed to help certain a safe and secure work environment in the Master Plan area of the construction project site

2. Reason for Policy

The safety of our employees and the public is our top and highest priority.

priority. The prevention of Accidents/incidents, and even any minor near-miss is our basic and primary priority and importance in all phases, departments, and areas of operations and administration. The site management intends to always maintain effective standards that will guard against injuries and illnesses occurring on the job. The prevention of occupationally induced accidents and illnesses is of such outcome that it'll be given priority over running productivity every time important. A safe work site requires open communication between management and employees on matters about safety.  All employees are encouraged to express their concerns or suggestions to help promote safe working practices and conditions

3. Who Needs to Know This Policy?

The policy is for distribution to all employees, sub‐contractors (if any), and visitors that will be entering the Master Plan active construction site.

4. Safety Training is Required employees and contract staff are required to be trained before entering the active construction site.

5. Visitor Access Procedures

• There is a proper visitors visit criteria, and all the visitors must report to the work site/project site office by filling in and providing their details upon entering the project site.
• Access to the site shall be denied to any individual who does not have a justifiable business on the job site.
• Any project site visitor who is permitted site access but has no official on-site business shall sign the release before being authorized to proceed beyond the project office.

10. ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT

All accidents causing injury and/or property damage will be thoroughly investigated by the Supervisor and SM/SE/SO of [COMPANY NAME] or the workplace of the property damage, with the help of the Contractor’s HSE manager. engineer or officer and documenting and recording the incident or accident report on the company’s standard accident investigation format.

The main purpose of these investigations and reports is to determine the underlying causes of the accident or near‐miss and to provide for corrective measures to avoid recurrence as well as the occurrence of a similar incident elsewhere on the project SITE. An additional purpose is to determine the responsibility for the incident and disciplinary measures to be taken if required.

10.1. PROCEDURE

• The injured person or the first aider reports the accident to Safety personnel giving all relevant details.
• Safety personnel enters the details in the accident book taking care to ascertain exactly what occurred.
• Injuries that require first aid to refer the injured person to a hospital or their doctor should be immediately notified to the Safety Supervisor on site and notified to the company office by telephone.
• In such circumstances and situations, the HSE Supervisor/officer, followed and accompanied by an employee s representative, must carefully investigate all the circumstances of how the physical injury was sustained and a company accident investigation report accomplished.
• The findings of the investigation will be examined by the Safety Manager and the chief executive to identify measures to avoid repetition.
• These control initiatives and steps will be introduced and implemented after consultation with the project/site’s health and Safety.
• Severe or minor physical Injuries or incidents leading to ill health issues which are more critical than those highlighted above (including injuries leading to human death) must be informed and notified to the health and Safety Department ASAP by using the swift way of method (cellular call) This incident and accident notification call must be followed by a written report within 7-days/or as per the legal requirements for your country/state. At the same time, the Chief Executive (CE) must also be notified and informed ASAP.
• The accident/incident location/area should be safeguarded and secured and or barricaded off pending an investigation into the circumstances of the incident, which led to the physical injuries. This investigation must include statements from all witnesses and any plant or gadget concerned inside the incident need not be touched nor moved until the research has been concluded.
• The investigators will talk about their findings with the leading government to discover measures had to keep away from repetition. These measures may be introduced as quickly as feasible after consultation with the development employees.

10.2. INVESTIGATION & ANALYSIS

Accidents should be investigated and analyzed from 3 exceptional factors of view.

The direct cause of injury

A dangerous transfer of strength produces injury or contamination.

Example: 

The worker suffered two broken legs when struck by the dumper while working at the site on the night shift.

Surface causes of an accident

The unsafe conditions or unsafe acts that result in an accident. 

Example: The truck crashed into the dumper the accidental brake failures.

Root causes of the accident 

Common conditions and behaviors that ultimately bring about a twist of fate. 

Example: The company did not have a proper maintenance and overhauling program for its transportation/ vehicles.

10.3. ANALYSING METHOD

• When did the accident occur?
• Where did it occur?
• Who was injured or what was damaged?
• What caused the accident (immediate and contributory)?
• Why did it occur?
• How were the employees injured?

ACTION TO BE IN CASE OF AN ACCIDENT

• Whoever first notices that an incident has occurred shall immediately notify
• [COMPANY NAME]’s SM/SE/SO of the occurrence of the incident.
• [COMPANY NAME]’s SM/SE/SO shall determine whether the area of the accident remains hazardous and if so, take immediate steps to evacuate all personnel and remove the injured person to a safe place. The SM/SE/SO through the Al‐ Joudah’s SITE representative/CM shall immediately notify the Contractor’s SM/SE/SO of the incident.
• The Safety Manager, Safety Engineer, and Safety 0fficer (SM/SE/SO) shall determine the extent of the victim’s injuries. If an individual/employee is unable to walk, move without support, or is unconscious, do not try to relocate him without providing first aid treatment. 
• The SM/SE/SO shall make vital preparations for clinical help to right now attend the place to determine the seriousness of the inquiries and recommendation similarly required remedies.
• The SM/SE/SO shall immediately halt all work in the area until adequate investigations have been concluded
• The SM/SE/SO shall make such arrangements as calling ambulances or alternative transport.
• The SM/SE/SO shall submit a report to his CM for the cause of the accident. The CM shall analyze the problem and try to implement a way to avoid recurrence. 

ACTIONS ARE TAKEN IN CASE OF INCIDENTS LIKE FIRE:

• Whoever first notices a fire at the SITE shall immediately notify the [COMPANY NAME]
• SM/SE/SO of the occurrence. It shall be immediately informed to the Contractor.
• The [COMPANY NAME]’s SM/SE/SO shall, under the instruction of their SITE representative/CM, contact the firefighting organization and engage in firefighting action.
• If necessary, the SITE representative shall contact the local fire station and request them to send their fire‐fighting Organization.
• [COMPANY NAME] shall fully investigate the causes and results of the fire and shall submit detailed reports to the SITE representative and the contractor for their review.

11. SAFE WORKING PRACTICES

Safe working practices should be followed by all [COMPANY NAME]at the SITE and [COMPANY NAME]SM/SE/SO shall strictly observe the safe working procedures detailed below. A job safety analysis (JSA) shall be made of each (major) method of (construction) procedure before commencing its operation activity to arrive at a safe working procedure. Such JSA may be integrated into the Work Method Statement.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• All employees shall wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) at the project SITE, except inside offices, restrooms, and accommodation buildings.
• [COMPANY NAME] shall arrange appropriate Personal Protection Equipment for their employees that include helmets, safety shoes, and safety belts with full body harnesses (For height Jobs) as a minimum. All other PPEs like goggles, ear plugs, hand gloves, etc. shall be provided as per specific job requirements as mentioned in table 1.
• Safety helmets, safety shoes, and gum boots shall be worn by all the workers while working at the site. A safety belt with a full body harness shall be used while working at a height >1.8 m. The safety belt shall be anchored at the shoulder or above height. 

11.1. Personal Protective Equipment

11.1.1. WORK ACTIVITIES

1. Excavators, breakers, chippers, drillers.
2. Mixing cement, concrete, lime mortar, asphalt material, and refractory material.
3. Electricians
4. Grinders
5. Gas cutters, welders
6. Welders
7. Workers engaged in Insulation
8. Workers working at a height
9. High noise level area i.e., D.G operator working, near piling work, compressor operator, etc.
10. Working in dust
11. Excavators, breakers, chippers, drillers.

11.1.2. RECOMMENDED/SUITABLE PPE

1. Protective goggles, hand gloves, Safety helmets, and Safety shoes.
2. Safety goggles, gloves, and protective footwear.
3. Insulated tools, Rubber hand gloves, and electrical-resistant shoes, mat.
4. Protective goggles and leather hand gloves
5. Colored goggles, leather hand gloves.
6. Welding screen, safety shoes with a rubber sole, Leather hand gloves.
7. Dust mask, hand gloves
8. Full body harness, Safety net, a lifeline. Fall arrestor if required.
9. Earplug/earmuff
10. Dust mask, Safety goggles.
11. Protective goggles, hand gloves, Safety helmets, and Safety shoes.

12. WORKING AT A HEIGHT

The site Engineer will obtain the permit for working at a height duly approved by the competent authority. For any work that must be carried out over the water or at a height greater than (1.8m) above ground, well-designed scaffolding of adequate strength shall be used as a safe means of access. [COMPANY NAME] shall provide a Safety net.  It will be mandatory for every person working at SITE to wear a Safety Belt with a full body harness before the commencement of the job at a height of more than 1.8 meters. Scaffolding is to be certified by [COMPANY NAME]’s SM/SE/SO.

During erection and dismantling, either scaffolding components or gear shall by no means be allowed to be thrown up or down. To avoid any severe possibility of falling from height- slippery conditions on scaffolds must be removed and rectified as soon as they happen.

The working platform shall be:

a) Closely boarded

b) At least (0.7metres) wide if used only for footing purposes.

c) If used to shop materials similarly, as a minimum the width of the substances plus (00.7m)

d) Provided with toe‐boards of minimum (0.15m) in height

e) Provided with handrails not greater than (0.85m) above the toe‐board

Scaffold Working Platform Boards to be used on the platform shall be:

a) Of an appropriate thickness.

b) Supported by at least three (3) transoms (or cross‐supports)

c) Be adequately mounted to prevent slippage or motion during use

d) Wherever possible, do not overlap with another board

e) Protected from weathering by employing a preservative. Boards shall never be painted as this disguise’s defects

f) Scaffolding shall be properly designed and erected, with its intended use in mind.

g) Where extra, unanticipated loads are to be applied, the structure shall be redesigned and altered as per the situation.

h) The distance between the inside edge of the scaffold and the face/wall of the structure should not exceed 20 cm at any point. The scaffold Tag System must be “Red: Unsafe for Use” & “Green: Safe for Use” 

13. FIRE PROTECTION AND PREVENTION 

13.1. Oxygen and Acetylene Cylinders Storage Area

• The storage of oxygen and acetylene in cylinders/bottles must be in a sheltered/sun‐roofed area, but never inside any building. This storage place shall be located at least 6m from any building, the diesel (fuel) storage (tank), and the gasoline storage area.
• Oxygen and acetylene cylinders must be stored in separate compartments and always in the upright position as well as secured to avoid tipping over. Always use shifting gadgets and trolleys for gas cylinders and chain them to safeguard them.
• The area shall be fenced all around and each compartment shall have its gate. 
• Always follow color follow correct coding for cylinders and their hoses.
• The most essential safety measures for the "Oxygen” and “Acetylene” storage signs, “No Smoking” and "Authorized Personnel Only" signs shall be appropriately displayed outside of the fence all around. To enhance compliance with the safety rules and regulations, install or keep the class B fire extinguisher on the outside.

13.2. Material, Storage & Handling

• All materials should be maintained in neat stockpiles with well‐laid aisles and walkways for ease of access and retrieval. There shall now not be any projections inside the walkways.
• Do not save moist or oily substances and materials like jute, cotton gunny luggage, etc. Together.
• They can ignite spontaneously.
• Store chemicals and other goods in stable racks, properly labeled. Mutually reactive chemicals need to be saved far from each other. 
• Goods at high temperatures must be arranged to allow safe cooling and should not meet combustible material.
• Tools, which are returned after use, must be kept at the earlier marked place.
• Storage places should have proper ventilation. 
• Strictly comply with the smoking policy at the site and “No Smoking” boards should be displayed in the store or the area where the cylinders are stored.
• Drip trays should be provided at all drum‐filling locations, including diesel, petrol, and oil filling points.
• Electrical switchboards should be properly secured.
• No other work such as repair of machinery or testing of the grinding machine should be done at the SITE‐ store.

13.3. Welding and Gas Cutting

• Frames of electric welding machines operated from a power circuit shall effectively be Grounded. The electrode & the floor cables must be completely insulated. Electrodes should be removed from holders carefully when not in use.  The holder should be protected so that it cannot make electrical contact.  Welders and their helpers should be given the necessary PPE during welding. For a gas-cutting job, the torch should be equipped with a flashback arrestor. Appropriate PPE should be given to the person doing the job. Gas cylinders should be kept away from the source of heat and should be securely held in an upright position. Valve safety caps need to be equipped at the cylinders while no longer in use. Welding / Cutting / Hot jobs should be not permitted in areas where flammable gas mixture and heavy dust concentration are very apparent. Welding or cutting/burning of metals having toxic significance such as Zinc, Lead, Calcium, and Chromium should be done in the open air and the welder should wear a fitter-type respirator.

13.4. Electrical Plant & Equipment

• A diesel-driven power generator, if any, will be covered by a sunroof, whilst its "hot" terminal (or that of the “public power supply company”) must be covered for protection against direct sunlight. The power generator must (obviously) be grounded/earthed. The region needs to be fenced all around. The exhaust outlet of the engine shall be away from combustibles/flammables and the working area. "High Voltage”, "No Smoking"‐ and "Authorized Personnel Only" signs shall be placed all around the fence. Fire extinguishers shall be hung on the fence posts on the outside: at least one for Class B fire at the diesel engine & refueling side of the electrical/diesel generator and one for Class C fire extinguisher at the generator side. 
• Stationary (diesel-driven) WELDING GENERATORS and ‐ TRANSFORMERS, if any, shall be grounded/earthed. An engine exhaust will be far away from combustibles/ flammables. Underneath each diesel-driven generator, a tray for catching oil ‐ & fuel spillage needs to be placed. Electrical circuits shall be properly fused. Disconnect switches (switchboards) need to be labeled and easily & freely accessible, whilst ground fault protection should be installed. A "High Voltage" sign shall be provided at an appropriate place.

13.5. Fire Fighting Training & Control

• An adequate number of [COMPANY NAME]’s employees shall be trained to properly use the firefighting equipment and to control fire hazards by their respective SM/SE/SO. These training courses shall be arranged by [COMPANY NAME]’s SM/SE/SO and shall be conducted periodically. Fire protection/prevention shall be a subject of attention during safety meetings and be included in the employee’s induction course.

13.6. Fire Extinguishers

• An adequate number of hand fire extinguishers of adequate type (Generally ABC type) and size shall be placed by [COMPANY NAME] in their workplace and facilities as per:
• The fire extinguishers shall be numbered and recorded in a logbook stating the date of delivery, date & precise location installed, date of inspection by manufacturer/ distributor, and other relevant particulars for each extinguisher. Once in a Quarter, the hearth extinguishers shall be inspected using the producer or distributor on the right working conditions and statistics shall be maintained.
• “No Smoking”, and “No Mobile “signs should be displayed at locations where and when necessary.

13.7. Electrical Safety

• [COMPANY NAME] shall ensure that all temporary electrical installations comply with local rules and regulations and procedures followed as follows
• A Safe Clearance Procedure needs to be established during the installation period and the provisions for tagging, lockout, and capping of controls shall be followed during the operation and maintenance of the electrical equipment & outfit.
• All Electrical panels shall be installed at 50 cm height from the ground and the panel shall be covered by a plastic shelter.
• Emergency lighting should be provided for people working night shifts for standby.
• An experienced electrician should make temporary electrical wiring only and the wiring should be checked regularly for damage to insulation, exposed wires, loose joints, and overheating of the cable.
• Temporary and extension cords shall be 3‐wire type, protected against damage.
• These should be kept clear of walkways and other locations where they may be exposed to damage or create tripping hazards. Splices in cords are furnished with soldered cord connections with insulations to keep the mechanical and electric capacity of the authentic cable.
• Underground cables are provided within protective ramps when located at a traffic crossing of motor vehicles or Construction plants & equipment
• Switches, Fuses are enclosed in cases, properly marked, grounded, and installed minimizing the danger of the accidental operation. Weatherproof enclosures/cabinets are provided in wet locations.

13.8. Plant, Tools, and Equipment

Hand tools

Accidents bobbing up out-of-hand tools can be attributed to any of the following motives:

• Using the wrong tools
• Using tools that are in poor condition
• Using the tool in the wrong way or ignorance on part of the user of tools
• Keeping tools in unsafe places
• If the above four conditions are taken care of, we can eliminate all hand tool accidents.
• Using the wrong tools
• The weight, length, and form of the tool ought to be decided on to fit the activity being executed. Using pliers or wrenches as hammers, using screwdrivers as chisels, using screw 
• spanners in place of ring spanners and using pipe wrenches as spanners are a few examples of using the wrong tools.

13.9. Using tools in poor condition

• Tools supplied with wood handles must continually be used with the handles intact.
• The handles should be tightened with wedges each time essential. Split or damaged handles need to be replaced at once. Pipes or rods shall not be used as handles.
• Sharp equipment improves accuracy and is more secure than dull equipment. Accumulated dust or grease must be wiped off at once to keep away from slippage. Shovel and choose handles should be loose from splinters, splints, and cracks. Insulated and non-carrying-out tools should be tested regularly for electric resistance. Mushroomed chisel is an extreme source of threat.

13.10. Using tools in the wrong ways

• The wrench should always be placed on nuts with the jaw opening facing the direction in which the wrench is to be rotated. The wrench should not be pushed but pulled.
• Chisels ought to be held with a constant however relaxed grip. Chisels being stuck by others have to be held using tongs or different preserving devices. Always chip away from yourself and protect others via screening. Use goggles even as chips. While the use of a screwdriver, the object ought to no longer be held in the hand or thigh.
• Blades of hack noticed have to continually factor ahead, and the whole length of the blade must be used inside the forward cutting stroke. The stroke should be steady and firm to keep away from leaping the blade.
• Keeping tools in workplaces

13.11. Jacks

• Hand equipment must not be allowed to lie on workbenches, scaffoldings, and many others. Where they can be tipped down. They must be stored properly after the work is over. Sharp gear like screwdrivers, etc. Need to no longer be saved in pockets. Hand gear shall no longer be held inside the hand even as mountain climbing up or down a ladder. Tools ought to be wiped clean well after the paintings and before the start of the paintings.
• Select jacks heavy enough to raise and hold the load safely. Jacks should rest on a firm level foundation adequate to support the load. Jacks of the same capacity and type should be used while using the number of jacks. Simultaneously be sure that the jack cannot tip and is in line with the vertical movement of the load. The wooden block should be given over the jack also to avoid metal‐to‐metal contact. 
• Inspect frequently and use handiest the proper grade and easy oil. It is advisable to shore up any load that must stay in a raised function for any duration of time.

13.12. Portable electric tools

• Maintenance of electric tools, devices, and equipment should be systematic
• Safety guards provided in the tools should not be tampered with.
• The operator ought to wear gloves, protective footwear, goggles, and many other. Wherever vital.
• Only skilled and authorized employees should be accredited to operate electricity tools.
• For all electric-powered electricity gear, strolling earth has to be maintained and the supply cable has to be handled cautiously.
• The electric supply should be disconnected before attempting any repair or servicing.   Even an exchange of wheels in the grinding gadget requires the supply to be disconnected.

13.13. Drilling machine

• To make it more secure and safe, a prick punch or pilot hole should be provided to guide the drill bit.
• A suitable drill bit should be selected for the material being drilled.
• If the bit is long enough to pass through the object, care should be taken to avoid damage or injury on the far side.
• If the object is small, it ought to be secured to save you from spinning.
• Care ought to be taken to prevent sleeves and other apparel from being wound across the grill

13.14. Portable grinder

• The Hood guard supplied inside the gadget needs to be maintained in the area continually
• Wheels of proper rpm score must be used. The date of expiry of wheels should usually be checked before mounting. If doubtful, a tap test can be conducted to test the minor cracks, and the system is allowed to run under no load in a secure vicinity for some time. 
• The grinding wheel will be saved and treated well.  It shall in no way be allowed to be dropped and stored in a humid region.
• A mounting blotter should be used whilst supplied on the device. The spindle nut has too long to be over-tightened.
• Only skilled and professional grinders shall be engaged.
• The grinding machine shall now not be allowed to be kept on the floor when the wheel is in rotating condition.
• Face defense, safety goggles, and hand gloves must be used.

13.15. Bench grinder

• It should be provided with proper earthing.
• Eye shields and hood guards should be provided and maintained.
• Wheels for the bench grinder and the same purpose devices of correct and proper rpm should be used, and they should be carefully inspected to check for cracks. The item must not be compelled on the grinding wheel.
• Tools rest should be in place and adjusted to a maximum gap of 3 mm from the wheel.

13.16. Pneumatic tools

• Air hoses of pneumatic tools should be protected against whipping.   
• They must additionally be protected in opposition to damage via motors.
• The airlines ought to be de‐Pressurized earlier than beginning any joint.
• Compressed air must know not to be directed against self or others. It must no longer be used for eliminating dirt from garments and so on.

14. EXCAVATION

• Before excavation, drawings shall be checked by the contractor/sub‐contractor to determine if there are any underground installations pipes or cables that exist. These shall be protected against damage.
• Maintain a sufficient angle of repose. Provide a slope not less than 1:1 and a suitable bench of 0.5m width at every 1.5m depth of excavation in all soils except hard rock.
• As a long way as viable, excavated material should no longer be located within 1 m from the brink 
• A drainage device shall be supplied to manipulate stormwater coming into the excavation. Groundwater jogging into the excavated place is managed. Dewatering Pumps will be stored and equipped in case of emergency.
• Barricades and warning lights shall be erected at 1 m from the edge of the excavation adjacent to pedestrian or vehicular traffic.
• Two safe access/exits shall be provided using ladders, and stairs ramps for excavation beyond 1.5m.
• Where vehicles or Equipment operate near excavations, the side of the excavation is made to withstand the forces exerted by the superimposed load.
• Each excavation is checked daily. If there is any cave‐in or slide, all the work in the excavation is stopped forthwith.
• Don’t allow cars to be too close to the excavated location. Maintain at least a 2m distance from the brink of the excavation.

14.1. Types of Soil:

14.1.1. Rock Soil

Solid soil with edges 900 with base withstands its strength all the excavation period e.g., granite rocks

14.1.2. Soil Type A

Soil that withstands the pressure of more than 1.5 tons per ft e.g., clay soil

14.1.3. Soil Type B

Soil that withstands the pressure of 0.5 tons per ft. e.g., cotton soil

14.1.4. Soil Type C

Soil that withstands the pressure of fewer than 1.5 tons per ft. e.g., sand soil 

14.1.5. Ways to avoid Cave‐ins:

• The slope or bench, the sides of the excavation.
• Support the excavation.
• Place a shield among the aspects of the excavation and the work region.
• Grade soil away from the excavation.
• Fence or barricade trenches left overnight.

15. FALL PROTECTION:

Construction accidents due to falls constitute the highest rate. Consequently, OSHA confirms full resolution for fall accidents from a height of 6 feet (1.8 meters) or more. The employer shall make assurance that the roof or scaffolds are strong enough to withstand the loads. The employer should provide the following:

• Guardrail Systems
• Personal Fall Arrest
• Positioning Device Systems
• Safety Monitoring Systems
• Safety Net Systems
• Warning Line Systems

15.1. Guard Rail Systems:

• The diameter of the pipes or thickness of materials making the guardrail should not be less than 6 centimeters.
• The heights of the top rail or mid rail from the platform should be 42 inches 1.1 meters and 21 inches and 0.53 meters respectively.
• The top rail should withstand vertical pressure of at least 200 lbs. on both sides while mid rails should withstand at least pressure of 150 lbs. on both sides.
• Distance between two guardrail supports should not exceed 8 feet (2.5m). All guardrail materials should be flushed without any sharp edges that render injuries to passers.

15.2. Personal Fall Arrest Systems:

• This system consists of anchoring points, communication, lifelines, and safety belts to be designed so that persons should not fall for more than 6 ft (1.8 m) and should not collide with any obstacle while falling.
• All elements of the fall arrest system should be thoroughly inspected, and defective parts are to be replaced with new ones.
• The fall arrest system is to be designed so that it stops totally at a height of 3.5 feet (1.07m) from the ground level i.e. (no collision with the ground) so all Rings, Snap — Hooks Anchoring points each should withstand the carrying capacity of not less than 5000 lb.

15.3. Positioning Device Systems:

• No fall of more than 2 toes (60cms) from the ground stage.
• The lifeline should be tightened to a tie point that withstands at least twice the impact load or 3000 lbs. which is greater.
• The length of the Lifeline should be made not reach the roof or ground levels.

15.4. Safety Monitoring Systems:

• In case of a fall protection system, the site should be guarded by an experienced safety man who should warn the attachments against any unsafe act or situation.
• In this case, the site manager should ensure that the safety guards meet the following conditions:
• He is well experienced in locating dangerous places.
• He can warn others against falls or dangerous work.
• He is always available at the work site and can see all the workers.
• Can speak directly to any worker and is fully dedicated to safety supervision.
• The safety supervisor's area should be free from any storage of material nor should be allocated to mechanical equipment.

15.5. Safety Net Systems:

• The safety internet needs to be hooked up near the operating roof not extra than 30 feet (9.1metres)
• The safety net should conform to standards and be in excellent condition.
• The safety net should be inspected weekly to ensure its soundness.
• The maximum size of an opening in a safety net should not be more than 36 Square inches i.e., 6 inches in length.
• The opening margin should be strengthened so as not to a low opening.
• The intensity and strength of the net ropes ought to be at least 5000 pounds.
• The distance beneath the net must be free of any impediment to colliding with the falling object. 
• The net ought to be prolonged from all aspects of the painting’s degree in step with OSHA requirements in the following manner
• No intruders are allowed to stay in the safety supervision except the safety supervisor.
• The safety net should withstand a collision impact of a falling sand pack of weight 4001bs {180kg) and a diameter of 30 inches (76m) from the working level. 
• All falling objects at the net should be cleared out earlier than the next paintings shift starts.
• Falling object tests should be done on the net on commissioning followed by an elapse of 6 months after dismantling installation to ensure its validity. 

15.6. Warning Line System:

This system consists of ropes‐wires‐chain and anchoring parts in the following manner:

• A warning sign should be placed clearly and a picture of 6ft (1.8m)
• They should be fixed at 0.9m height and 1m height from the lower and upper levels of the working platform
• Warning signs posts each should withstand a horizontal pull of not less than 16 lb. before failure.
• Ropes, wires, and chains should withstand each carrying load of at least 5001b.
• Warning tapes should be 6ft (1.8m) from the periphery of the platform or working roof.

15.7. Protection from Falling Objects and Materials:

• When using guardrails for protection from falling objects, the distance of the opening in the guardrails should be small so as not to allow objects to fall from upper to lower levels.
• When working on roofs and structures garage material is forbidden at a distance much less than 6ft (1.8m) from the roof's outer edge.
• When the use of catch platforms for safety from falling bodies, those catch systems must be strong enough to face up to falling bodies.
• When using the boards these should be 4 inches in height.
• Withstand pressure of 501b on all sides and have no space of width more than 1 inch When required store more materials of height more than 4 inches on the roof, then install a safety net above toe boards until mid‐rails of the guard rails.

15.8. General Requirements when working at a Height:

• Workers ought to put on non-public protection equipment (PPE).
• Use steel scaffolds.
• The scaffolds should comply with standards and provide access ladders.
• The workplace should be guarded properly by strong guard rails, fences, and canopies to protect against falls.
• All care should be taken not to drop materials from height to lower level.
• Falling objects should not be left behind on scaffolds after working hours.
• All roof openings should be closed or barricaded to prevent falls.

15.9. Training:

On-the-job training should be provided to all workers at the site.

16. LIFTING OPERATIONS

• A lifting operation is an operation that involves the lifting and lowering of a load. A load is an item or device, or tool being lifted which could consist of a person or humans. A lifting operation can be finished manually or using lifting equipment. Manual lifting, preserving, putting down, sporting, or transferring is regularly called ‘guide dealing of hundreds.
• Lifting operations in production occur throughout the transportation of cloth from the garage place to the vicinity in which it's far being processed, and all through the processing of materials. A load includes any material or humans that are lifted or diminished by way of a lifting system.

17. HEAVY EQUIPMENT AND OPERATORS 

All works involving the use of a crane should be planned and a rigging study should be carried out to ensure that:

17.1. Precautions to be taken during

• Overturning the crane
• Falling objects 
• Breaking the boom sling
• Touching overhead power lines
• Collision with obstacles

17.2. The capacity of the crane should be ascertained before use. The following factors shall be considered:

• Weights and dimensions of loads
• Number and frequency of lifts period for the lifting operation
• Ground conditions
• Other factors

17.3. Operation Points

• The mobile crane shall only be operated on firm, level ground that adequately supports the weight of the crane and loads.
• Before lifting, completely extend the crane outriggers and make sure that their stability and firmness are on the ground/floor.
• The weight of the load that is being lifted or shifted shall not exceed the Safe Working Load (SWL).
• Don’t/never make sharp swings or stop the crane suddenly/accidentally or at once.
• Loads shall not be dragged on the ground.
• Adjust the boom length to make sure the crane is operating within the area of the Safe Operation Radius (SOR).
• When moving uphill or downhill, the CRANE boom angle shall be fixed and adjusted appropriately to the Safe Working Conditions (SOC).

17.4. Precautions to be followed while using the tower crane

• Make sure that the automatic Safe Load Indicator (SLL) is installed.
• Provision of safe access and egress.
• Make sure that the lifting routes shall not come across any building or movement of personnel beneath the working radius. The crane travel speed shall be as slow as possible, to make sure the load's stability.
• Be aware of the height of lifting, and the length of the crane's trolley, and refer to the load chart.
• When the tower crane is not in operation, the crane's trolley must be positioned near the tower at a minimum radius, with the hook raised to its highest position

17.5. Method

• Plan a proper and careful lifting route, to avoid any possible collision with any persons, objects, or overhead electrical lines. Good plans are always helpful toward the successful completion of a lifting operation
• Do not drag loads.
• Never ride on a load that is being lifted or moved.
• When the crane is in operation, it must keep a distance of at least 600 mm from any boundaries or homes.
• When visibility is blocked, the signalman shall render help.
• Lifting the load at a low velocity so that the sling tightens slowly and keeps a balanced function.
• Nobody needs to stand under the boom or load.
• The operator ought to be capable of seeing the hook and the burden at some stage in the hoisting duration.
• During a typhoon, the hook block must be anchored firmly, and the swing lock is released.
• When prolonged growth is used at the crane, the operator should use excessive care in reducing the burden on the ground. An extended growth ought to in no way be lowered to at least one facet of the chassis, for the steadiness of the crane is usually decreased in that position and the crane will get disappointed.
• The crane must travel on a heavy timber mat whenever there is instability of soil.
• The use of any make-shift methods to increase the capacity of the crane such as timbers, with blocking or adding counterweight, should not be permitted.
• Before leaving the crane at the end of the workday, the crane operator should remove the load from the hook and raise the hook to maximum height.
• The crane operator ought to preserve the deck easily from any oil, mud, and grease. Operators usually need to keep the windshield clean, to prevent an accident. Crane/Equipment Inspection checklist to be maintained

17.6. The following actions should be carried out to ensure:

• Brakes should be checked while lifting critical loads and adjusted if needed.
• Crane should by no means be overloaded. The Safe Working Load (SWL) for working the crane shall be distinct according to the outcomes of look at and examination certificate, and such loads must no longer be exceeded at some stage in the lifting operation
• Mobile cranes need to be parked on hard soil or a robust base. They must know not to be positioned near the edge of the pit or excavation.

17.7. The secure running load of any mobile crane relies upon on:

• Operator’s skill
• Condition of the ground
• Boom length
• The radius of rotation while lifting the load, inclination of the boom to the vertical Outrigger blocked / free
• The load is the total load hung from the rope sheaves of the boom including the weight of the hook block, ropes/ slings, etc.
• A standard signaling code should be followed by the operator and a trained signalman should be used. The crane operator shall respond to signals only from the appointed signaler but shall obey the stop signal at any time no matter who gives it.
• Tag strains ought to be used at the same time as hoisting heavy and bulky substances.
• The brakes, boom, Wire rope slings, Wire rope slings ‐ cable clips, Chain slings, Shackles, Eye bolts, Hooks, and Spreader beams should be checked periodically by a maintenance person to ensure the crane’s safe operation.
• Tag lines must be used at an equal time as hoisting heavy substances.
• The swinging of the load should be done smoothly.
• Proper quality packing should be used, and the outrigger should rest tightly on the packing.

18. CONTROL OF SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH 

It is a law that requires employers to manipulate substances that can be unsafe for fitness. You can save you or reduce worker’s exposure to unsafe materials with the aid of:

1. Observe and find out what the occupational health hazards are.
2. Deciding on how to prevent harm to health 
3. Providing proper control measures to minimize harm to health.
4. Make sure they are used.
5. Keeping all control measures in the correct working order.
6. Proper provision of information, instruction, and training for employees/workforce and others.
7. Proper provision, monitoring, and health surveillance in essential cases.
8. Proper planning for emergencies or other cases.

18.1. Chemical Hazards

1. For better understanding, write the complete chemical name as identified on the Safety Data Sheet (SDS). 
2. Including CAS- Chemical Substance Number is likely to be distracted with other chemicals.  
3. In the case of commercial products, note down/write the commercial name followed by chemical details. 
4. If relevant to the hazard, list the concentration of the chemical (e.g., an acid may be a corrosive, irritant, or non‐hazardous depending upon concentration).
5. Use the risk phrases from the SDS e.g., Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. 
6. Ecological information, for example, toxic to aquatic organisms- require not to be constituted but will inform your choice of disposal or discard.

18.2. Biological hazards

1. Use the scientific name of the organism/agent wherever possible, together with a common or commercial name if appropriate.  
2. For biological hazards, list the ACDP hazard category. 
3. Other hazards may include information on e.g., flammability, radiation safety, heat, cold, and sharps. 

18.3. Workplace exposure limits

1. Workplace Exposure Limits (WELs) are occupational exposure limits developed to assist protect and safeguard the health of the workforce. 
2. WELS is concentrations of hazardous substances in the air, averaged over a particular length called a time‐weighted average. 
3. Two time periods are utilized: The first is long‐term (8 hours) and the second is short‐term (15-minutes).  
4. Short‐term Exposure Limits (SEL) are developed to minimize the effects such as eye irritation that may happen following exposure for a few minutes.

18.4. Control measures

When controlling publicity to a hazardous substance recollect whether:

1. The process may be changed to remove the need for the substance,
2. The substance may be replaced with a more secure opportunity,
3. The substance may be utilized in a more secure shape e.g., pellets in place of powder, readymade buffers, gels, etc. If prevention is not practicable, you must appropriately control exposure by one or more following:
4. Enclose the process (e.g., glove box),
5. To a certain degree, enclose the process (e.g., fume cupboard),
6. Improve general ventilation,
7. Use structures of work that reduce the possibilities of spillage and so forth.,
8. Reduce the wide variety of people uncovered.
9. List all engineering measures appropriate for the control of publicity to the chance. This must be indicated by the MSDS and the risk phrase (e.g., if toxic using inhalation, then use in a fume cabinet). A fume cupboard, glove container, safety cabinet (for biological), and nearby exhaust ventilation are examples.

19. EMERGENCY EVACUATION PROCEDURES 

19.1. Emergency Planning:

• In the event of a large emergency where the site must be evacuated the following procedures shall be followed:
• On listening to the non-stop sound of the alarm, site employees could be required to bring together the Emergency Assembly Point. The humans answerable for administering the web page daily shall simultaneously account for the visitors to the website. In these manners, a reasonably accurate forecast can be ascertained of the number of site staff and visitors still in the building or missing.
• A manually operated alarm system, comprising a loud siren, and located in the contractor's site offices, shall be set up. This alarm will create and signal the signal to evacuate the worksite.
• In the state of the fire alarm sounding, worksite staff will be directed to act strictly as follows:
• Switch off/disconnect any equipment currently in use (Except those which constitute a means of escape)
• Make sure that all employees/workers in their vicinity are aware of the fire alarm
• Do not search for personnel possession that has been brought on-site but is not currently with them.
• Smart moving, without any panic, to the pre-assigned assembly place. 
• Verify all gas cylinders are closed.
• Check all fitting equipment has boomed and forks lowered.
• Remain in the designated areas until a head count shall have been completed.
• On hearing the discontinued sound of the alarm, resume your workplace.

19.2. Fire Emergency Responses

Upon discovery of fire, improve the alarm. Any outbreak of hearth needs to be mentioned straight away to the safety officer, The Construction Manager or any accountable individual on-site the persons having discovered the outbreak of the fire will give details of the location and nature of the fire.

19.3. Fire Emergency Control:

• There should be 1 person at the entrance gate to guide them and provide information to the fire brigade on the correct location of the fire and to guide them toward the easiest access routes to the concerned area.
• Supervisory Staff must be posted to access areas at the perimeter of the affected area to prevent accidental or unauthorized access to the dangerous area by site personnel.

19.4. Fire Emergency Procedure:

• Raise an alarm and sound a siren immediately when you see a 'Fire', 'Fire', or 'Fire' at the top of your voice to alert the people. 

19.5. Alarms

• Try to attract others' interest as far as viable to your way and request that getting admission be avoided to the area of the hearth.
• It is the responsibility of the persons who discover any outbreak of fire to inform the safety officer or his site supervisor immediately and to give full details of the location, type of fire, etc.
• Immediately Switch off all power-operated equipment, devices, and fuel-power-powered engines.
• Close all gas cylinders
• To make it safe and secure, clear the passage/road for easy access for the fire emergency backup arrivals.
• In the case of small fires, try to identify the type of fire and use a suitable fire extinguisher.
• Escape through the shortest possible route.
• Assemble at a designated place.
• All supervisors shall be counted their body of workers and make sure no person is lacking
• The timekeeper shall provide the list of people on duty.
• Nobody is allowed to return to their job site until the affected areas are declared safe. 
• •Subcontractors shall ensure that their employees are fully aware of and conversant with the respective alarms associated with the emergency procedures on the job site, and with the measures to be adopted in the event of a fire alarm being sounded. 

19.6. Evacuation Plan

Subcontractors shall ensure that their employees are fully aware of and conversant with the plan for evacuation of the job site should the occasion arise.

19.7. Fire Precautions

• In the event, the Safety Officer shall ensure the civil defense Authorities know the location of the fire to ensure that no one attempts to enter affected parts of the site. All website online centers/workplaces and working regions may be regularly inspected by the Safety Officer. No igniting or burning of waste or debris will be allowed on the work site.
• "Danger" and "No Smoking" signs will be placed visibly at all required places.
• A procedure for dealing with all fires and alarms shall be displayed in all offices and mess rooms. Establish Assembly Point on the website for all emergencies to satisfy in case of emergencies.  Until the appearance of the Civil Defense, the Safety Officer has complete authority for firefighting, evacuation, and emergency procedures and needs to be obeyed through all with no questions.

20. ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND WASTE MANAGEMENT

• During the execution of the project different types of solid, liquid, or gaseous waste are generated at the site, which may be hazardous or non‐hazardous
• Dust generated at the SITE shall be controlled by spraying water.
• Septic tanks shall be cleaned periodically.
• All waste generated shall be disposed of properly as per the laid procedures and at the designated location of the client. This should be done regularly to maintain hygienic conditions at the site.
• For effective waste management the following steps shall be taken:
• Waste bins shall be provided at the site, fabrication yard, and storage yard
• Waste shall be collected separately like metallic/non‐metallic, oily, and disposed of at different waste bins with blue, green, red, and yellow color
• All employees at the site shall be informed and made aware of the waste disposal system.
• Environment protection is the prime responsibility of all employees at the site including the client, Contractor, and Sub‐Contractor to avoid any adverse effect on the environment.
• [COMPANY NAME] is responsible for the environmental control specified for the job site including all equipment and machines used.

The following steps are taken to avoid pollution and protect the environment:

• Do not dispose of used oil or liquid waste directly into the ground, pit, or storm drain.
• Dispose of these materials only in properly labeled containers.
• Whenever possible, insulation materials scraps, shaving, etc., should be wetted and put into polythene bags to eliminate airborne activity.
• It is the accountability of all levels of management to carry out operations in line with applicable technical guidelines, rules, laws, and regulations, including those relating to the occupational health and safety of employees/workforce, the environment, and the usage of toxic or hazardous substances or chemicals. 

21. SAFE WORK METHOD STATEMENT

(High-risk construction work)

This Safe Work Method Statement (SWMS) details how particular risks related to working at heights are to be organized. It outlines the commonplace risks and risks associated with this work and the way to greatly manipulate them. The management measures listed on this SWMS need to be implemented on-website online. The Key Safety messages offer a summary of the crucial management measures. If different risks are identified that are not identified on this SWMS a risk assessment for the new danger needs to be finished.

KEY SAFETY MESSAGES

• ‘Working at Heights’ means working in circumstances where there is a risk of a fall from one level to another and because of which it is reasonably likely that an injury could occur.
• All use of fall arrest and fall protection structures needs to comply with applicable regulations and manufacturer’s instructions.
• Ladders ought to handiest be used for getting access to a piece stage and no longer used for conducting real work.
• If ladders are the handiest choice, make certain that the approaches described are followed.
• Wear the precise Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for the project.
• Work shall be accomplished following the Safe paintings technique assertion is SWMS

HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CONTROL MEASURES

Task/Activity

Planning the job and conducting pre‐start checks

Hazard/Risk

Unsafe work site Unsafe worksite

Control Measures

Before the work on the project, sites start, make sure that: 

• Each hazard is identified that may result in:  
• Employees or other people falling. 
• Objects falling from height and hitting employees or other people. 
• All risks are assessed. 
• Control measures are planned and implemented. 

The control measures must prevent an employee or other persons on worksites from falling, or, if prevention is not reasonably practicable, arrest the fall to prevent the risk of death or injury to the employee or other person. The following control initiatives must be taken or in place before the work starts: 

• Fall arrest harness system. 
• Edge protection. 
• Fall protection cover. 
• Travel restraint system. 
• Industrial safety net(s).

Task/Activity

Arrival on site  

Hazard/Risk

1. Unsafe work site.
2. Document all details and records of hazards and control initiatives that are placed. 
3. Make sure that all necessary equipment, tools, or devices are available to accomplish the job before proceeding to work. training records of other persons on worksites and making sure that all equipment, devices, or tools have proper service tags. 
4. The service is not up to date. 
5. Do not allow untrained employees or untrained other persons on worksites to use equipment and fall prevention or fall arrest equipment. 
6. Visually inspect all aspects of the fall prevention or fall arrest system before use. 
7. Do not use equipment if it shows signs of wear. 
8. Tag the equipment as out–of–service. 
9. No employee or other person on the worksite must work at heights alone. 
10. Control measures must be put in place to ensure that: 
11. The platform has an unobstructed surface 
12. The platform is wide enough for employees and other people on worksites to perform the task. 
13. Proper protection is put in place to prevent the workforce and others on the job site from falling from one level to another.

Task/Activity

Accessing heights, working at heights 

Hazard/Risk

• Unsafe work site.  
• Falling.   
• Falling Objects.

Control Measures

• Wear required and recommended essential PPE for the work tasks: 
• Helmet, with extended brim if working in the direct-Sun. 
• The standard uniform of high visibility UV-rated long‐sleeved shirts and long pants Steel cap safety boots other fall prevention or fall arrest equipment as relevant to the control the measure used for working at heights. Where possible use a scissor lift for lifting or an elevated work platform for accessing a height. 
• An experienced, competent, and licensed crane or lifting machinery operator must be in control of the Elevated Work Platform (EWP) used for accessing heights beyond 11 meters.
• Ladders should be used for access only unless it has a designated work platform. 
• Always Maintain good housekeeping when working at height to prevent objects from falling on any person below. 
• If a fall protection cover is used it must be able to withstand the impact of a fall on it and be fixed in place to prevent it from being moved or removed accidentally.

Task/Activity

Use of ladder 

Hazard/Risk

• Fall from ladder 
• Falling object

Control Measures

• Ensure the ladder: 
• Is an industrial-rated ladder in good working order? 
• Is on, stable and well-balanced ground 
• Is the proper height for the work or activity to negate the unsafe practice such as reaching or stretching? 
• Is not too close or too far from the support structure. The ratio must be 4:1. For example, the distance between the ladders base and the supporting structure should be approximately one meter out for every four meters of working ladder height 
• Is secured against slipping or sliding, and/or another person is holding the base of the ladder 
• Have all the proper locking devices on the ladder been safeguarded into position? 
• Is prolonged or lengthened a minimum of 1metre past the access point, where accessing the roof or working platform from a portable or fixed type of ladder 
• Make sure that the materials, substances, equipment, small machines, or tools are not carried with you while climbing the ladder. Tools should be carried in a tool belt or the side pouch 
• Ladders aren't for use in getting right of entry to regions or next to doorways except steps are implemented to control the risks of pedestrians coming in through the door or past the ladder on scaffolding or an elevating work platform to get extra height in very wet or windy conditions next to traffic areas unless the working area is barricaded

Task/Activity

Use of step ladders and platform ladders 

Hazard/Risk

Fall from ladder Falling object

Control Measures

• Workers must not: 
• Stands on or above the second tread below the top plate of a step ladder overreach from the ladder uses the ladder near an open floor, penetration, or beside any railing 
• Use tools, equipment, or other light machines that need a high degree of leverage the force which, if released, may cause the worker to overbalance and fall from the ladder 
• To avoid any falling from height (LADDER), always Face away from the portable, sliding, or fixed ladder when going up or down, or when working from the ladder.

Task/Activity

Use of Elevated Work Platform Elevated Work Platform (EWP) Includes:  

1. Scissor lifts (SL)  
2. Cherry Pickers  
3. Boom Lifts  
4.  Travel Towers

Hazard/Risk

1. Fall from ladder Falling object
2. Fall from Elevated Work Platform (EWP)
3. Overturning of Elevated Work Platform (EWP)
4. Ejected from Elevated Work Platform (EWP)

Control Measures

1. Operators of a boom‐type Elevated Work Platform (EWP) must hold a High-Risk Work License where the Elevated Work Platform (EWP) has the 
2. capacity to reach over 11 meters 
3. All workers in a boom‐type Elevated Work Platform (EWP) must wear harnesses and have them connected to the Elevated Work Platform (EWP) anchor point 
4. The elevated Work Platform (EWP) should be located close to the work area to prevent the worker from needing to reach the Elevated Work Platform (EWP) to undertake the work 
5. Where outriggers are used, the outrigger pads 
6. 6. must be sufficient to provide needle stability for the Elevated Work Platform (EWP). 
7. Ensure the EWP is operated at a consolidated level ground 
8. Workers must avoid standing on the handrails of the Elevated Work Platform (EWP).

22. WEATHER CONDITIONS ‐ HOT

Outdoor workers who're exposed to hot and humid conditions are susceptible to warmness-associated infection. The threat of heat‐related illness turns greater because the weather gets hotter and greater humid. This situation is especially severe when a warm climate arrives suddenly early in the season earlier than employees have had a chance to evolve to heat weather.

For human beings running outdoors in hot weather, each air temperature and humidity affect how warm they experience. The "heat index" is a single value that takes each temperature and humidity into account. The higher the heat index, the hotter the weather feels because sweat no longer quite simply evaporates and cools the skin. The warmness index is a better measure than the air temperature on my own for estimating the danger to workers from the environmental warmth source

TRAINING WORKERS 

Train the workforce before hot outdoor/external work begins. Make the training topic outline to highlight employer‐relative requirements, regulations, policies, and job-site‐particular circumstances and or conditions. A single Jobsite may have limited or fewer job tasks that are low risk for heat‐related ill-health and others that are extremely high risk. The safety training, orientations, or inductions will be more fruitful if it is related to job tasks and conditions and is reviewed, evaluated, observed, and strengthened throughout extremely hot weather conditions. The below-mentioned occupational health and safety training topics may be communicated in a single session or a series of smaller sessions

Training Topics:

1. Risk factors for heat‐related illness.
2. Different types of heat‐related illnesses, including how to recognize common signs and symptoms.
3. Heat‐related illness prevention procedures.
4. Importance of drinking small quantities of water often.
5. Importance of acclimatization, how it is developed, and how your worksite procedures address it.
6. Importance of immediately reporting signs or symptoms of heat‐related illness to the supervisor.
7. Procedures for responding to possible heat‐related illnesses.
8. Procedures to follow when contacting emergency medical services.
9. Procedures to ensure that clear and precise directions to the work site will be provided to emergency medical services.

SAFETY TIPS

1. Always stay hydrated. Use plenty of liquids (Juices, water); drink liquids approx. 475ml before going to start work and 175 ml to 210 ml every 15 or 20 minutes.
2. Don’t take liquids that cause dehydration such as Alcohol, coffee, tea, etc.
3. Always use weather and body compactable and comfortable PPE. 
4. Give rest to your body. Stay calm, slow down and work in short intervals. Know your body capabilities and strengths and avoid working directly in extremely hot conditions
5. Schedule your work activities in short breaks. Take a rest in well-ventilated and shaded areas.
6. If working in extremely hot conditions, take a damp cloth with you and keep applying it on your face and neck areas. 
7. Try to avoid getting exposed to direct Sun and apply sun protection creams and wear Sun protection head hats.
8. Be attentive and warned of signs of extreme heat‐related illness/ill health. Observe and evaluate your surroundings and check your co-workers that might need your help while working in extreme weather conditions. 
9. Eat smaller portions of food and if possible, take the food or drinks that contain a high ratio of fiber and protein. 

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HSE PLAN